Conjunctive Probability

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Conjunctive probability (also called joint probability) is the probability that two or more events occur together—that is, the probability of their intersection.

A real-world example might be: children from homes with domestic violence (or other family violence) are substantially more likely to have also experienced sexual abuse (and other forms of maltreatment).

If the two outcomes were independent, the joint (conjunctive) probability would simply be the product of the separate probabilities. Because they are positively correlated (shared risk factors such as family dysfunction, perpetrator access, household chaos, etc.:

P(sexual abuse∣violent home)>P(sexual abuse)P(\text{sexual abuse} \mid \text{violent home}) > P(\text{sexual abuse})

so the joint probability is higher than the independence formula would predict.